2-minute read

How to read letter notes

No music theory required. If you can read the alphabet, you can read these. Here’s the whole system.

Rule 1 · Direction

Read left to right, stacks together

Each line of letters is played from left to right, like reading a sentence. When two or more letters sit in the same column (stacked vertically), you play them at the same time — that’s a chord.

Rule 2 · Case

Lowercase = white keys · UPPERCASE = sharps

Lowercase letters (a b c d e f g) are the natural notes — the white keys. Uppercase letters (A C D F G) are the sharps — the black keys, i.e. A♯ C♯ D♯ F♯ G♯.

c d e f g a b → white keys (C D E F G A B)
C  D    F  G  A → black keys (C♯ D♯ F♯ G♯ A♯)
Rule 3 · Octaves & colour

The number is the octave — each has a colour

The number in front of each line tells you which octave to play in. Higher number = higher pitch. To make melodies easy to follow, every octave gets its own colour, on the page and on the keyboard below.

Rule 4 · Timing

Dashes are time; hands are optional

The dashes - - - between letters are spacing in time — roughly 5–6 dashes ≈ one second at normal speed. Press play and slow the tempo down if you need to; your ear will do the rest.

Some sheets label lines RH / LH (right hand / left hand). If you only want the tune, play the right-hand melody lines — the left hand is usually just the bass.

Try it yourself

The live sandbox

Edit the notation below — change letters, add dashes, stack a chord — then hit Rebuild and press play. This is exactly how every piece in the library works.

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